1. Diplomatic Recognition
India and Canada established diplomatic relations in 1947, shortly after India gained independence. Since then, both countries have developed a relationship based on shared democratic values, rule of law, and pluralism. Both have high commissions in each other's capitals, New Delhi and Ottawa.
2. Common Groups and Alliances
India and Canada collaborate in numerous international forums, such as:
- United Nations (UN)
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- Commonwealth of Nations
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- G20
- International Solar Alliance (ISA)
These platforms allow both countries to work together on global issues like climate change, nuclear non-proliferation, and economic development.
3. Trade Volume
The trade between India and Canada reached approximately USD 10 billion in 2022-23. Key Indian exports include pharmaceuticals, textiles, chemicals, and IT services, while major imports from Canada are fertilizers, pulses, and machinery. Canada has also invested in India’s sectors like infrastructure, IT, and renewable energy, while Indian companies have invested in Canadian technology, steel, and natural resources.
4. Diplomatic Achievements
- Nuclear Cooperation: In 2010, both countries signed the Civil Nuclear Cooperation Agreement, enabling Canada to supply uranium to India for its civilian nuclear program.
- Education: The Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement (FIPPA) discussions have strengthened bilateral trade and investment relations.
- S&T and Innovation: The India-Canada Agreement for Cooperation in Science and Technology supports joint research and innovation projects, and both countries frequently collaborate on environmental technology, clean energy, and artificial intelligence.
5. People-to-People Ties
Canada is home to over 1.8 million Indian-origin people, making up a significant part of Canada’s population and serving as a cultural bridge between the two countries. Education is a major driver of people-to-people ties, with over 300,000 Indian students in Canadian universities, which has strengthened cultural and economic ties.
6. Defence Cooperation
While limited, defense cooperation has grown in recent years. Both nations collaborate through platforms like the UN Peacekeeping missions and Anti-Terrorism Working Group. Recent naval exercises and dialogues on defense technology and counter-terrorism have further enhanced strategic cooperation.
7. Key Geographical Locations in Canada
- Highest Peak: Mount Logan in the Yukon, at 5,959 meters, is Canada’s tallest mountain and the second-highest peak in North America.
- Longest River: The Mackenzie River in the Northwest Territories stretches about 4,241 km, making it the longest river in Canada.
- Major Rivers: St. Lawrence River (connecting the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean) and Fraser River in British Columbia.
- Important Bays: Hudson Bay is one of Canada’s most famous bays and connects to the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans.
- Key Cities:
- Toronto: Canada’s largest city and a major financial and cultural center.
- Vancouver: Known for its ports, this city is a hub for trade with Asia and a gateway to the Pacific.
- Montreal: Canada’s second-largest city, with a strong cultural and aerospace industry.
- Ottawa: The national capital, known for its political institutions and museums.
- Important Geographic Regions:
- Canadian Shield: A large area of ancient rock covering much of eastern and central Canada, known for its mineral wealth.
- Rocky Mountains: Extending from British Columbia to the U.S., this mountain range provides a natural border and rich biodiversity.
In conclusion, India and Canada share a multi-faceted relationship that spans diplomacy, trade, and people-to-people connections. The geographical diversity of Canada adds to its significance, with key locations providing valuable resources and strategic advantages.
Comments
Post a Comment